The Genetic and Molecular Ecology Laboratory has a 32-year-long tradition, during which genetic approaches such as cytogenetics, population genetics and molecular phylogeny have been applied to various fish species. The name of the lab and the applied approaches have evolved over time, in synchrony with the evolution of genetic techniques. In recent years, laboratory members have expanded their expertise by also addressing other taxa from the Danube Delta. The DDNI’s attention to genetic aspects of research was first embodied in 1985 when the Fish Cytogenetics Laboratory was established. Initially, the main research topics of the lab were aimed at karyotyping and karyotype investigations of freshwater fish species such as Acipenser stellatus, Misgurnus fossilis, Barbus barbus, Scardinius erythrophthalmus, etc.
Later, in 2000, in accordance with advances in molecular biology techniques, DDNI established the molecular biology laboratory. Furthermore, special consideration was given to the Lower Danube sturgeon species through close collaboration with the Sturgeon Research Group (SRG). During the past decades there has been great progress worldwide in molecular biology research on sturgeons. Knowledge regarding the genetic variability of sturgeons from the Danube River basin, the last wild self-sustaining sturgeon population in the European Union, has gradually increased every year. The preliminary studies on the genetic structure of sturgeon populations of the Danube River were conducted in collaboration with the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics at Queen’s University of Belfast, Northern Ireland. Since then, the genetics and molecular ecology team has focused on:
- Identification of species, populations and interspecies hybrids;
- Studying the genetic diversity and population structure;
- Isolation and sequencing of new sturgeon genetic markers for phylogenetic studies.
Since the beginning of 2015, the Genetic and Molecular Ecology Laboratory has expanded its expertise, covering several genetic aspects of colonial waterbirds from the Danube Delta.
Since 2019 the research team has been involved in various scientific projects regarding the assessment of genetic diversity of the endangered species from the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve using barcoding and metabarcoding methods starting from tissues and environmental samples (eDNA).
